| Type |
Shrub, groundcover |
| USDA Hardiness range |
6A - 9B |
| Exposure |
Full shade to partial shade or partial sun |
| Bloom color |
White |
| Bloom time |
Spring |
| Water needs |
Moist to wet |
| Landscape uses |
Border, erosion control, foundation, ground cover, hedge, massing, screen, woodland garden |
| Height |
4' to 6' / 1.20m to 1.80m |
| Spread |
5' to 8' / 1.60m to 2.40m |
| Growth rate |
Fast |
| Persistence |
Evergreen, broadleaf |
| Bloom attributes |
Fragrant flowers |
| Leaf color |
Green |
| Fruit color |
Brown |
| Soil pH requirements |
Acidic, neutral |
| Soil type |
Sandy, clay, loamy |
| Form |
Irregular or sprawling, spreading or horizontal, upright or erect |
| Attributes and features |
Native to North America, naturalizing |
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